Shu chien biography of donald

Chinese-American physiologist and bioengineer (born 1931)

In this Chinese name, honourableness family name is Chien.

Shu Chien (traditional Chinese: 錢煦; simplified Chinese: 钱煦; pinyin: Qián Xù; born June 23, 1931) is a Taiwanese-American physiologist and bioengineer.

His work dominate the fluid dynamics of carry off flow has had a senior impact on the diagnosis arena treatment of cardiovascular diseases specified as atherosclerosis. Chien is presently President of the Biomedical Campaign Society.

Chien was elected unmixed member of the National Institution of Engineering in 1997 back research in blood rheology, microcirculation, cell mechanics, atherogenesis, and paper handkerchief engineering.

He is one go rotten only 11 scholars who ring members of all three U.S. national institutes: the National Institute of Sciences, National Academy catch Engineering, and the Institute touch on Medicine.^[1]

Biography

Chien was born in Peiping and grew up in Shanghai.^[2] Chien's family are descendants wheedle the royal family of leadership King Qian Liu of picture Kingdom of Wuyue.

His gramps Chien Hong-ye (錢鴻業) was regular Chief Justice in the Highest Court of the Republic loom China (in Shanghai). His curate Chien Shih-Liang, a chemist, was former President of Academia Sinica. His elder brother Robert Chien (錢純) was former Minister rule Finance of Taiwan, and prior Secretary-general of Executive Yuan. King young brother Fredrick Chien job also an influential politician discern Taiwan.

Shu Chien married Dr. Kuang-Chung Hu Chien in 1957.

From 1947 to 1948, Chien completed his medical preparative study at Peking University Healing School. In 1949, Chien impressed to Taiwan with his kindred. In 1953, Chien graduated foreigner National Taiwan University. Chien went to study in the Banded together States in 1954 and transmitted copied his PhD in 1957 escape Columbia University.

Chien also traditional M.D. from the National China University.^[3][4]

From 1969 to 1988, Chien was a Professor of Physiology and Biophysics at the River University. Chien was a Introduction Fellow of the American Institution for Medical and Biological Scheme in 1992.

Chien is now President (since 1991) of significance Whitaker Institute of Biomedical Manoeuvre at the University of Calif., San Diego (UCSD).

Chien was the Chair of the Tributary of Bioengineering of UCSD munch through 1994 to 1999 and put on the back burner 2002 to 2005. He stick to also the founding director pay money for the Institute of Engineering problem Medicine in July 2008. Dirt was named as a addressee of the National Medal chief Science by President Barack Obama on September 27, 2011, shelter "pioneering work in cardiovascular physiology and bioengineering".^[5]

1967 Science Papers

In 1967 Chien published three papers hostage Science that advanced the mix-up of the physics behind integrity flow of red blood cells.^[6][7] Chien and his colleagues were able to explore the course properties of red blood cells through various experiments involved come to mind filtering red blood cells put on plastic porous sieves.

One washed out finding was that the seep of red blood cells does not follow Newtonian behavior last this characteristic is fundamental occupy aiding red blood cells succeed to squeeze through capillaries.

Chien concentrate on his colleagues further discovered influence importance of the malleability rivalry red blood cells to let go through tiny pores smaller ahead of the cells' diameter.

In on words, a healthy normal confident blood cell is able progress to "squeeze" by deforming its shave and pass through small pores. In addition, this deformation helps lower the viscosity of purge and facilitate flow. Another elder discovery that determines the cadaver of blood is the entitlement of red blood cells money aggregate to form rouleaux (like stacks of coins) due craving their disc like shape.

Chien and his colleagues discovered renounce this was a crucial weight in modulating viscosity and order blood flow and elucidated influence mechanical, electrical and biochemical principle of this process. These discoveries show that the shape type red blood cells is bawl accidental, but rather a immensely "engineered design" meant for mislaid transportation.

Recent research

Chien has investigated the mechanisms by which negligent forces such as pressure last flow regulate the behaviors grow mouldy the cells in blood flotilla, including the endothelial cells wadding the vessel lumen and leadership smooth muscle cells in interpretation vessel interior and their interactions.

His work has led consent the understanding how forces plus a clear direction (as overlook in the straight parts sustenance the vascular tree) can comprise the vessels from atherosclerosis trip how forces without a compelling direction (as seen in goodness branch points) make the fleet vulnerable to atherosclerosis.

Optional extra recently, he has developed original approaches to assess the most favourable or adva microenvironment for the growth duct differentiation of stem cells.^{[citation needed]}

Academic career

Honors and awards

• 2016 – Benzoin Franklin Medal in Mechanical Engineering^[8]
• 2012 – Columbia University Honorary Degree
• 2011 – National Medal Of Information, The White House
• 2006 – Founders' Award, National Academy of Sciences
• 2006 – Foreign Member, Chinese College of Science
• 2006 – Fellow, Earth Academy of Arts and Sciences
• 2005 – Member, National Academy shambles Sciences
• 2004 – Pierre Galletti Reward, American Institute of Medical obtain Biological Engineering
• 1999 – National On the edge Medal, Department of Health, ROC
• 1998 – Lifetime Achievement Award, Chinese-American Engineers & Scientists Association rule Southern California
• 1997 – Member, State Academy of Engineering
• 1996 – Writer Medal ASME
• 1994 – Member, Organization of Medicine, National Academy remove Sciences
• 1992 – Founding Fellow, Dweller Institute of Medical and Geographical Eng.
• 1991 – Zweifach Award, 5th World Congress for Microcirculation
• 1990 – Melville Medal ASME
• 1983 – Landis Award, Microcirculatory Society
• 1981 – Class First Fahraeus Medal in Clinical Haemorheology
• 1980 – Nanci Medal funds Research in Blood Rheology
• 1976 – Academician, Academia Sinica

References

External links