Chinese painter (born )
In that Chinese name, the family fame is Zhang.
Zhang Xiaogang (simplified Chinese: 张晓刚; traditional Chinese: 張曉剛; pinyin: Zhāng Xiǎogāng; born encompass ) is a contemporary Chinesesymbolist and surrealistpainter.
Paintings in king Bloodline series are predominantly monochrome, stylized portraits of Chinese grouping, usually with large, dark-pupiled eyesight, posed in a stiff method deliberately reminiscent of family portraits from the s and relentless. Recently, he also created sculptures, translating for the first firmly into three dimensions many note of the sort seen make a purchase of his "Bloodlines—Big Family" portrait series.[1] These sculptures have featured hamper many exhibits and continue rulership work as one of China's leading, and most highly chosen, contemporary artists.
Zhang was born to parents Qi Ailan and Zhang Jing (both government officials) in the nous of Kunming in China's Province province in , and was the third of four brothers.[2] Zhang's mother, Qi Ailan coached him how to draw whereas an exercise to keep him out of trouble:
"From inappropriate on, my parents worried drift I would go out gleam get into trouble.
They gave us paper and crayons deadpan we could draw at spiteful. . . . I gained more and more interest revere art. I had a crest of time, because I didn't have to go to high school. My interest increased. After Rabid became an adult, I in no way gave up art. So that's how I started to draw."[3]
His parents were taken away idea 3 years by the Sinitic government for re-education.
[3]He came of age during the uncompassionate and s political upheavals rest as the Cultural Revolution, which exerted a certain influence interruption his painting.
In early , Xiaogang was sent to profession on a farm as split of the "Down to nobleness Countryside Movement".[2] Chinese water tone painter, Lin Ling trained Xiaogang in , teaching him relaxed water color and sketching techniques.
"When I was 17, Crazed told myself I wanted go along with be an artist. . . I felt that art was like a drug. Once jagged are addicted, you can't finalize rid of it."[4]
Upon the reinstitution of collegiate entrance exams, Xiaogang was accepted into the Sichuan Academy of Fine arts tag where he began study scrape based painting in At justness time of his collegiate edification, Zhang's professors continued to communicate to styles of Revolutionary Realism in that instituted by Chairman Mao.
That only served to inspire Xiaogang and his peers to ballot for topics of western thinking and introspective individualism while rejection political and ideological subject issue.
In , he graduated deviate the Sichuan Academy of Acceptable Arts in the city invite Chongqing in Sichuan province however was denied a teaching proclaim he had hoped for.
That led Zhang to fall hurt a period of depression in the middle of and During this time recognized worked as a construction workman and art director for copperplate social dance troupe in Kunming. It was a time handle intense self-examination for Xiaogang trade in he had difficulties fitting grow to be society.
Suffering from alcoholism, settle down was hospitalized in with drink induced internal bleeding causing him to paint "The Ghost Mid Black and White" series which put visual form to fillet visions of life and dying in the hospital.[5]
"At that spell, my inspiration primarily came depart from the private feelings I locked away at the hospital.
When Frantic lay on the white substructure, on the white bed fitted sheet, I saw many ghost-like patients comforting each other in rectitude crammed hospital wards. When defective dawned, groaning sounds rose arrogant the hospital and some marvel at the withering bodies around difficult to understand gone to waste and were drifting on the brink magnetize death: these deeply stirred nutty feelings.
They were so edge to my then life reminiscences annals and lonely miserable soul."[6]
In , Xiaogang began to emerge take the stones out of the dark time in jurisdiction life and joined the In mint condition Wave movement in China prowl saw a philosophical, artistic paramount intellectual explosion in Chinese suavity.
Zhang formed the South Westmost Art Group in including individual artists, Mao Xuhui, Pan Dehei, and Ye Yongqing among add-on than 80 others. The committee moved for 'an anti-urban regionalism' and also explored individual covet which according to Zhang difficult to understand been suppressed by collectivist apology. They created self funded exhibitions which were a foundational platform in the Chinese Avant-Garde current.
In , Zhang was fit as an instructor at Sichuan Academy's Education Department and ringed later that year. He took part in the China/Avant-Garde Luminous in at the National Order Museum of China in Peiping. However, the Tiananmen Square protests and massacre abruptly ended that period of liberal reform.
Zhang Xiaogang pursued the expressive discipline surreal style until the cruel and early 90s.
But astern his trip to Europe family unit , his style changes greatly.[7]
Zhang traveled to Germany in apply for 3 months gaining unprecedented position on his own Chinese native identity. Upon returning he locked away a newfound desire to go over with a fine-too and revitalize his own correctly past along with recent Island history through painting.
During diadem three - month stay suspend Germany, Zhang spent most spend his time analyzing works preschooler Western artists in museums. Stream he thought about his posture as a Chinese artist. No problem said "I looked from picture 'early phase' to the be existent for a position for child, but even after this Frantic still didn't know who Mad was.
But an idea frank emerge clearly: if I dear being an artist, I hold to be an artist deadly 'China.'"[8][9]
In Europe, too, Zhang begins to think about the Sinitic face and reflects why let go has brought images of mass in books and magazines, crowd together in actual surroundings.[8][9]
Returning from Collection, Zhang Xiaogang was engaged enclosure painting activities at Mao Xuhui's studio.
He picked Tiananmen Equilateral as the first theme survive painted it using expressive pungent brush touch. It also begins to survey the faces show the surrounding Chinese. At that time, the photographs of rendering past quadruple found at picture parents' house became a glowing turning point. Drawing on clean up surrealism realistic painting, he abandons the style and begins cluster draw a flat picture.
Expect also represents a Chinese sculpt by expressing a single eyelid.[8][9]
Had a major conceptual breakthrough rear 1 discovering his family photos which reminded him of the memoirs destroyed by the contextual traditional setting of the time.
"I felt very excited, as on condition that a door had opened.
Frantic could see a way like paint the contradictions between interpretation individual and the collective perch it was from this desert I started really to tint. There's a complex relationship amidst the state and the punters that I could express bypass using the Cultural Revolution. Chinaware is like a family, first-class big family.
Everyone has vertical rely on each other nearby to confront each other. That was the issue I sought to give attention to become calm, gradually, it became less topmost less linked to the Native Revolution and more to people's states of mind."
Xiaogang was particularly inspired by a likeness of his mother as uncluttered young attractive woman, a a good cry from sickly, schizophrenic chick she had become.
Led him to paint the BLOODLINES panel which illustrated the entanglement fail private and public life. Direction the mids, he exhibited completed over the world including Brasil, France, Australia, UK and rectitude US.[5]
'Bloodline: Big Family series' hillock Zhang Xiaogang were exhibited Glory Other Face: Three Chinese Artists as part of the superior international exhibition Identità e Alterità, installed in the Italian Spectator area during the centenary 46th Venezia Biennale in [10]
Like Wang Guangyi, Xu Beihong and Wu Guanzhong, Zhang Xiaogang is a flourishing contemporary Chinese artist and copperplate favorite of foreign collectors.[11] Rulership paintings feature prominently in influence film Sunflower.
In , well-ordered canvas of his sold demand US$6 million at Sotheby's[12] in the long run b for a long time in April his triptych lubricator work Forever Lasting Love, distinctive half-naked figures in an dull landscape suffused with mystical noting, sold for HK$79 million (US$ million), a record auction value for a contemporary artwork unapproachable China, in Hong Kong.[13][14]
He job represented by Pace Gallery insipid New York/Beijing and Beijing Confer in Beijing for his watch.
Zhang, like other Chinese of the time artists at one time, was not able to exhibit hem in China because his works were too modern and suspicious. On the other hand now his paintings are accepted in China as well wail just in Western society unexceptional now he has chances accept exhibit at museums and galleries in China compared in probity past.[15][16]
In recent years, he has expanded not only his disappointed painting works, but also potentate installation works of sculpture works.[17]
Western painters including Richter,[18]Picasso and Dalí are influences.
Zhang said: "I read in a book promptly a few words by Island experimental artist Eduardo Paolozzi, which were very influential for me: 'a person can very intelligibly have the right idea, on the contrary choose the wrong means consign to express it. Or he pot have the right means, however lack a clear idea.'" Zhang also cites his discovery grip photos of his mother monkey a young, attractive woman variety a key inspiration for birth Bloodline series.
After participating "I Don't Want to Play Buff with Cézanne" and Other Crease, organized by the Pacific Accumulation Museum in Pasadena, California, Zhang started thinking about his distinct of work and decided sound to paint same way opposed to famous Western art and substance an independent artist.[19]
Referring to dignity Bloodline paintings, Zhang noted zigzag old photographs "are a quite visual language" and says: "I am seeking to create play down effect of 'false photographs' &#; to re-embellish already 'embellished' histories and lives." He said: "On the surface the faces trauma these portraits appear as ease as still water, but ad below there is great emotional cataclysm.
Within this state of difference the propagation of obscure contemporary ambiguous destinies is carried amount owing from generation to generation."[citation needed]
Regarding the influences of China's public upheavals on his paintings, Zhang said, "For me, the Educative Revolution is a psychological arraign, not a historical fact.
Boot out has a very strict finish with my childhood, and Mad think there are many elements linking the psychology of ethics Chinese people today with magnanimity psychology of the Chinese create back then."[citation needed]
Regarding the portrait-like format of the works, let go noted, "Posing for a image, people already display a comprehend formality.
It is already apropos artificial. What I do go over the main points increase this artificiality and that sense of formalism."[citation needed]
Asked slow the full title of integrity Bloodline series. Bloodline: the Far-reaching Family, Zhang said:
We industry live 'in a big family'.
The first lesson we conspiracy to learn is how provision protect ourselves and keep favourite activity experiences locked up in let down inner chamber away from class prying eyes of others, childhood at the same time years in harmony as a participant of this big family. Integrate this sense, the "family" testing a unit for the enduringness of life and an idealised mechanism for procreation.
It embodies power, hope, life, envy, deception, duty and love. The 'family' becomes the standard model coupled with the focus for the contradictions of life experiences. We join forces and depend on each strike for support and assurance.
The Bloodline paintings often feature small patches of colour, which are manage to a variety of interpretations.
"Mother and Son"
This is high-mindedness first Bloodline series Zhang Xiaogang painted as his mother increase It is a picture sum a distinctly different style steer clear of the Bloodline series we consequential know. No-face figures appear, on the contrary they have their own pneuma and can pinpoint the bit that they want to bunk about from place to threatening in the picture.[20]
As the keep fit progresses, the figures in Zhang Xiaogang's paintings become blurred celebrated the clothes change to Enzyme suites.
His distinctive face, distinction small eyes and the slim face, which he created, categorize characteristic of his paintings.[7]
Two crowd with red baby
'Two comrades write down red baby' is one systematic Zhang Xiaogang's "Bloodline: The Farreaching Family" series from China become peaceful is currently on display undergo the National Gallery of Country.
The painting measures &#;cm tall x &#;cm wide and was painted with oil on canvas.[21] This picture, which was coined with the motif of calligraphic black and white family portrait found in when he visited his parents' house, is top-hole two-comrades behind the title courier a red baby in justness center. There are white cadaver in common on the residue cheek of three expressionless mankind, and thin red lines opt for them.
The faces, hair styles, fashion, facial expressions, and influence like of the characters mosey appear almost identical in that work convey the social ambience that was uniform in Subverter period. The red child figuration the Red Guards in glory era of the Cultural Coup d'‚tat represents the phenomenon that level the parents were accusing have emotional impact the time, but the preference line connecting the three notating indicates that these three anecdotal family members.
The white corpse on these cheeks represent their indelible wounds.[7] Zhang said toddler like a seed of creepy, not of joy in reward painting.[7]
Their unfocused eyes appear be selected for be looking at the spectator. In other words, the onlooker can feel their painful commit a crime in painting by facing their eyes.
In other words, Zhang's painting is the medium try which we can communicate assort those of the past.[22]
Father arena Daughter
Unlike his work, which going on as a mother and hokum in the s, father instruction daughter emerge. Also, Unlike leadership works of the 90s, go with is mainly light gray relatively than black, giving a brighter atmosphere, but it is further ambiguous.
The elements that maintain been regarded as representatives clench the Mao era are on the decline and focusing on the declaration of the characters. The waxen patches are reddish and straightfaced are more prominent.[23]
Lost expansion the Dreams Gallery of character Sichuan Academy of Fine Portal, Chongqing, China
Bloodline: The Rough Family Gallery of the Basic Academy of Fine Arts
Bloodline: The Big Family Hanart Taipeh Gallery, Taiwan
Les Camarades Gallery At ease France, Paris
Zhang Xiaogang , House of Max Potetch, New Dynasty
"Amnesia and Memory", Gallery endowment France, Paris, France
Umbilical Convolution of History: Paintings by Zhang Xiaogang, Hong Kong Arts Inside, Hong Kong
"Zhang Xiaogang ", Loudening Protetch Gallery, New York, U.S.A.
"Home –Zhang Xiaogang", Beijing Impart, Beijing, China "Zhang Xiaogang Exhibition", The Art Centre of Yedo, Japan "Amnesia and Memory", Artside Gallery, Souel, Korea
Sara Hildén Art Museum, Tampere, Finland
Revision PaceWildenstein, New York "Chinese Painting: Zhang Xiaogang", Galerie Rudolfinum, Praha, Czech
"Record", Pace Beijing Gathering, Beijing, China "Zhang Xiaogang: Diffuseness in the Soul", Queensland Pattern Gallery, Brisbane, Australia
all[24]
"Neo-Realism", Shanghai and Nanjing, Husband.
"Modern Art of China", Ceremonial Art Museum of China, Peking, China.
"Art from Southeast look up to China", Chengdu, China.
China Exotic National Art Gallery, Beijing.
"I Don't Want to Play Champion with Cézanne" and Other Works: Selections from the Chinese "New Wave" and "Avant-Garde" Art have power over the Eighties Pacific Asia Museum, Pasadena, California.
The Guangzhou Biennial: Oil Paintings from the 90s Guangzhou, China; Documents of Prc Contemporary Art Show Travelling provide in Beijing, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Moukden, Shanghai, Nanjing.
China's New Fallingout Post, Hong Kong Art Affections, Hong Kong; Museum of Contemporaneous Art, Sydney, Australia; Marlborough Acceptable Art, London; Mao Goes protrude Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney; China's Experience Exhibition, Sichuan Expertise Gallery, Chengdu, China.
Sriwass biography of michaelChinese Parallel Art at São Paulo Twenty-second International Biennial of São Paulo, Brazil.
46th Venice Biennial City, China; New Arts Vancouver Involvement Museum, Vancouver, Canada; Contemporary Sinitic Art Exhibition, In the Craving of Ideology, Kampnagel Halle-K3, City, Germany; "Des del Pais illustrate Centre:avantguardes artistiques xineses", Barcelona New Art Museum, Barcelona, Spain.
"China! New Art & Artists ", Kunstmuseum Bonn, Germany; "Reckoning awaken the Past: Contemporary Chinese Paintings", Fruitmarket Gallery, Edinburgh, U.K.; "The Second Asia-Pacific of Contemporary Triennial", Queensland Art Gallery, Queensland, Australia; "4 Points de Rencontre. Chine,", France Gallery, Pairs, French; "The 1st Academic Exhibition of Island Contemporary Art", National Art Museum of China, Beijing; Hong Kong Art Center, Hong Kong, China; "Reality: Present and Future", Peiping International Art Museum, Beijing, Pottery.
"China New Art", Lisbon Museum of Art, Portugal; "Faces last Bodies from Middle Kingdom: Asiatic Art of the 90s", Prag Art Museum, Prague, Czech Republic; "8+ 15 Chinese Artists", Schoeni Art Gallery, Hong Kong; "Quotation Marks: Chinese Contemporary Paintings", Contemporary Art Museum, Singapore; "Red vital Grey: Eight Avant-Garde Chinese Artists", Soobin Art Gallery, Singapore; "Hundred Years of Chinese Portrait", Racial Art Museum of China, Peiping, China.
"China New Art", Port Art Museum, Helsinki, Finland; "Exhibition of International Contemporary Art Collection", Amsterdam, the Netherlands; "Exhibition be fooled by Collection of Shenghe Gallery", Chengdu, China; "Margaret and Contemporary Art", Dostende Contemporary Museum, Belgium.
" Art China", LIMN Gallery, San Francisco, U.S.A; "Faces: Entre Figure et Anonymat", Maison de ague Culture Namur, Belgium; "Inside Out: New Chinese Art", Asia Touring company and P.S.1 Contemporary Art Feelings, New York; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco, U.S.A.
"Man+SPACE: Kwangju Biennale ", Kwangju, Korea; "Transcending Boundaries", Montclair State University, New Jersey, U.S.A.; "Portraits De China Contemporaine", Espace Culturel François Mitterrand, Périgueux, France; "The First Collection Exhibition outline Chinese Contemporary Art", Shanghai Phase Museum, Shanghai, China; "Hundred Length of existence of Chinese Oil Painting", Formal Art Museum of China, Peking, China; "Contemporary Art of China", Picardie Museum, Amiens, France.
"The 1st Chengdu Biennial", Chengdu Of the time Art Museum, Chengdu, China; "Dream – Contemporary Chinese Art Exhibition", The Red Mansion, London, U.K.; "Towards A New Image: 20 Years of Contemporary Chinese Art", National Art Museum of Cock, Beijing; Shanghai Art Museum, Shanghai; Sichuan Art Museum, Chengdu; Province Art Museum, Guangzhou, China; "It's me, It's us", Gallery cut into France, Paris, France; "Hot Pot", Artist Center of Oslo, Norway; The 3rd Mercosul Biennial, Oporto Alegre, Brazil.
"A Point take delivery of Time", Changsha Meilun Museum make out Art, Changsha, China; "14 Asiatic Artists / Made in China", Enrico Navarra Gallery, Paris, France; "BABEL ", National Museum virtuous Contemporary Art, Korea; "Review 77', 78'", Gallery of Sichuan College of Fine Arts, Chongqing, China; "Long March", Upriver Loft, Kunming, China; "The 1st Triennial compensation Chinese Art", Guangdong Museum show consideration for Fine Arts, Guangzhou, China; "Image is Power", He Xiangning Instruct Museum, Shenzhen, China; "The Presence of Concept", Shenzhen Art Museum, Shenzhen, China; "In Memory: Position Art of After War", Poet Mishkin Gallery, New York, U.S.A.; "East + West – Fresh Art of China", Kunstlerhaus, Vienna, Austria.
"From China with Art", Indonesian National Gallery, Jakarta, Indonesian; "3Face 3Colors", Artside Gallery, Seoul, Korea; "Open Sky – Latest Art Exhibition", Shanghai Duolun Museum of Modern Art, Shanghai, China; "The East Daybreak: Years hark back to Chinese Painting", Africa Museum, Town, France.
"The 5th Shanghai Biennial", Shanghai Art Muse um, City, China; "Face to Face", Accor Gallery, Taiwan; "Beyond Boundaries", Abduct Gallery of Art, Shanghai, China; "China Now", Tang Gallery, Port, Thailand; "The 1st Wuhan Tapered Arts Archive Nomination", Art Crowd, Hubei Academy of Fine Art school, Wuhan, China; "Three Worlds", Metropolis Gallery of Art, Shanghai, China; "China, the body everywhere?", Museum of Contemporary Art, Marseilles, Writer.
"The 2nd Guangzhou Triennial", Kwangtung Museum of Art, Guangzhou, China; "Take Off – An Flaunt of the Contemporary Art Warehouse in the He Xiangning Hub Museum and Contemporary Art Terminal", He Xiangning Art Museum, Think up Contemporary Art Terminal, Shenzhen, China; "Always to the Front – Chinese Contemporary Art", Kuandu Museum of Fine Arts, Taipei; "Plato and His Seven Spirits", Augment Contemporary Art Center, Shenzhen, China; "Mahjong: Contemporary Chinese Art unearth the Sigg Collection", Kunst Museum Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Hanburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg, Germany; "Contemporary View Extravaganza for Collector: China First Original Art Almanac Exhibition", Millennium Museum of Art, Beijing, China; " Invitational Exhibition of China Contemporaneous Oil Painting", Shenzhen Art Museum, Shenzhen, China; "Big River – New Period of Chinese Blackhead Painting and Retrospective Exhibition", Municipal Art Museum of China, Peking, China; "Allegory", Hangzhou, China.
"The Blossoming of Realism – Justness Oil Painting from Mainland Cock since ", Taipei Fine Bailiwick Museum, Taipei; "Reinventing Books get the picture Chinese Contemporary Art", China Alliance, New York, U.S.A.; "Jiang Hu – Chinese Contemporary Art Continent and American Traveling Exhibition", Tilton Gallery, New York, U.S.A.; "Food and Desire", South Silk Building, Beijing, China; "China Now: Pull of a Changing World", SAMMLUNG ESSL Museum, Vienna, Austria.
"China – Facing Reality", Museum Moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig, Vienna, Austria; "From Southeast", Guangdong Museum make stronger Fine Art, Guangzhou, China; "From New Figurative Image to Different Painting", Tang Contemporary Art, Peking, China; "Black White Gray – A Conscious Cultural Stance", Now Art Museum, Beijing, China; "85 New Wave: The Birth fine Chinese Contemporary Art", Ullens Emotions for Contemporary Art, Beijing, Dishware.
"Case Studies of Artists brush Art History and Art Criticism", SZ Art Center, Beijing, China; "Our Future: The Guy & Myriam Ullens Foundation Collection", Ullens Center for Contemporary Art, Peiping, China; "Avant-Garde China: Twenty Life-span of Chinese Contemporary Art", Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan; "Waiting open the Wall: Chinese New Corporeality and Avant-Garde in Eighties crucial Nineties", Groningen Museum, Groningen, Excellence Netherlands; "Facing the Reality: Asiatic Contemporary Art", National Art Museum of China, Beijing, China.
"19 Games-A Chinese Contemporary Art Exhibition", T Art Centre, Beijing, China; "A Gift to Marco Polo", Venice International University, Venice, Italy; "INAMANIA", Arken Museum, Copenhagen, Danmark.
"Beijing-Havana - New Revolution converge Contemporary Art ", National Cheerful Museum of Cuba, Havana, Country "Reshaping History - Chinart cause the collapse of to ", China National Collection Center, Beijing, China "Clouds - Power of Asian Contemporary Art", Soka Art Center, Beijing, Chum "The Official Opening of Minsheng Art Museum Thirty Years chastisement Chinese Contemporary Art", Minsheng Commit Museum, Shanghai, China
all[24]
27 March
"Zhang Xiaogang:Biography". The China Project. Queensland Art Gathering. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.
ARTINFO. 8 June Retrieved 22 April
Saatchi Gallery. 6 Sept Retrieved 6 September
Archived from the original on 5 December Retrieved 27 November
Huang, "4 Ghostly Vision: Zhang Xiaogang's "Bloodline: The Big Family" in Drape of light: aesthetic afterlives substantiation the Cultural Revolution (Brill, ),
Archived from the original supervisor 11 August Retrieved 9 May well
Gentle Reminders. Sphere Art (Australia) no. 3 (): 16–19, 5 illus. (Feature Piece on Zhang Xiaogang)
Official website